Hábitos de consumo de suplemento de vitamina C durante a pandemia do COVID-19: benefícios, riscos e o papel da assistência farmacêutica no uso racional
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Abstract
Com o início da pandemia da doença coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19), inúmeros regimes de tratamentos têm sido empregados. Ainda que não existam dados de ensaios clínicos que apoiem qualquer tratamento profilático, além das vacinas, outros medicamentos off-label estão sendo empregados, bem como a suplementação de vitamina C. Para o presente artigo, foi realizado um estudo a fim de entender hábitos de consumo de suplementos vitamínicos orais, sobretudo a vitamina C, no período de pandemia de COVID-19, analisando de que maneira e com qual frequência o consumo ocorria e os motivos que levaram ao início do tratamento. Para coletar respostas, foram disponibilizadas, de maneira on-line, 12 perguntas codependentes utilizando a plataforma Microsoft Forms®. O formulário obteve 1305 respostas elegíveis. As idades dos entrevistados variavam entre 18 anos e mais de 46 anos, sendo 70% (n=916) do gênero feminino. Dos participantes, 1010 citaram não ter contraído COVID-19. Desses, 39,7% (n=400) faziam uso de vitamina C isolada ou concomitantemente com vitamina D. De 296 participantes que alegaram ter tido COVID-19, 42,91% (n=127) faziam uso de vitamina C isolada ou em conjunto com vitamina D, enquanto 48,3% (n=143) não utilizavam nenhum suplemento vitamínico. Dos entrevistados, 28,3% (n=189) apontaram ter iniciado o uso da vitamina C devido a pandemia. Além de interações medicamentosas, o consumo da vitamina C em quantidades maiores que a dose diária recomendada, pode acarretar eventos adversos gastrintestinais. Dos participantes, 43,1% (n=563) responderam acreditar que o consumo de vitaminas sem acompanhamento médico ou farmacêutico não oferece prejuízo a saúde, reforçando a substancialidade da conscientização no uso racional de suplementos vitamínicos, sobretudo pelos riscos que o consumo sem orientação médica ou farmacêutica pode trazer à saúde.
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